Chemical and Filtration Products of Texas
CAS 12125-02-9|NH₄Cl

Ammonium Chloride

Versatile inorganic salt — chloramine precursor for water treatment, completion fluid for oilfield operations, and nitrogen fertilizer for agriculture.

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Purity

99.5% min

pH (5% soln)

4.6–6.0

DOT Status

Not regulated

Packaging

Bags / Super Sacks / Drums

Grade Comparison

GradePurityPrimary Use
Agricultural Grade99.5% minFertilizer nitrogen source and livestock feed supplement.
Technical Grade99.5% minIndustrial water treatment, drilling fluids, and chemical synthesis.
USP/FCC Grade99.5% minPharmaceutical and food applications.

Physical Properties

Molecular FormulaNH₄Cl
Molecular Weight53.49 g/mol
CAS Number12125-02-9
AppearanceWhite crystalline powder or granules
OdorOdorless
Melting Point338 °C (640 °F) — sublimes
Density1.527 g/cm³
Solubility in Water37.2 g/100 mL at 20 °C
pH (5% soln)4.6–6.0 (mildly acidic)
Vapor PressureNegligible at 20 °C
Flash PointNon-flammable
Decomposition Temp.>338 °C — releases NH₃ and HCl
Ammonium ChlorideNH₄+Cl−Ionic compound — tetrahedral NH₄⁺NH₄Cl | MW 53.49 g/mol | CAS 12125-02-9

Industrial Applications

Water Treatment

pH buffer and chloramine precursor in drinking water disinfection. Reacts with free chlorine to form combined chlorine (chloramines) for secondary disinfection.

Oilfield Drilling Fluids

Completion and workover fluid component. Controls clay swelling, adjusts fluid density, and provides temporary formation protection.

Fertilizer & Agriculture

Nitrogen fertilizer (26% N) for rice, wheat, and cotton. Acidifying effect benefits alkaline soils.

Metal Treatment & Soldering

Flux in soldering and tinning operations. Removes metal oxides and improves solder adhesion to copper and zinc surfaces.

Chemical Synthesis

Reagent in synthesis of ammonium compounds, pharmaceuticals, and as a nitrogen source in fermentation media.

Textile & Leather

Mordant in textile dyeing and tanning agent in leather processing. Improves dye uptake and leather softness.

Safety & Regulatory

NFPA Health2 — Moderate hazard
NFPA Flammability0 — Minimal hazard
NFPA Reactivity0 — Stable
OSHA PEL (TWA)No established PEL
ACGIH TLV (TWA)10 mg/m³ (inhalable fraction)
DOT Hazard ClassNot regulated (solid)
Thermal DecompositionReleases toxic NH₃ and HCl above 338 °C

SDS and certificate of analysis available upon request.

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Agricultural, technical, and USP grades in bags, super sacks, and drums across Texas and the Gulf Coast.

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